We'll be blunt: methotrexate flopped in a randomized placebo-controlled trial among patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Contrary to results from a previous trial in hand OA, the old-line disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) failed to bring any improvement relative to placebo in either pain or an objective measure of joint inflammation after a year of treatment, according to Changhai Ding, PhD, MD, of Southern Medical University in Guangzhou, China, and colleagues.

Many of the common symptoms of lupus - fatigue, nociplastic pain, brain fog - can be invisible and difficult to measure, and can often co-occur with impaired sleep, depression and anxiety. These symptoms have led to a well described discordance between physician and patient perception of lupus activity and flares, and this discordance can impact communication, trust, medication adherence, and ultimately outcomes. We developed the Type 1 and Type 2 model many years ago as a means to bridge this gap.