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Articles By Jennifer L. Rogers, MD

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Type 2 SLE: Insights from a Biopsychosocial Framework

Many of the common symptoms of lupus - fatigue, nociplastic pain, brain fog - can be invisible and difficult to measure, and can often co-occur with impaired sleep, depression and anxiety. These symptoms have led to a well described discordance between physician and patient perception of lupus activity and flares, and this discordance can impact communication, trust, medication adherence, and ultimately outcomes. We developed the Type 1 and Type 2 model many years ago as a means to bridge this gap.

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